Japan has negligible fossil-energy resources and relies almost entirely on imported fuels. The suspension in the operation of nearly all of the country’s nuclear power plants following the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake resulted in a sharp decline in the share of nuclear power in Japan’s total energy supply (TES), from 15% in 2010 to a complete shutdown in 2014 and just a mere 4% from 2018 before rising slightly to around 8% in 2021. Japan is the fourth-largest oil consumer in the world—behind the United States, China, and India—the fifth-largest net importer of crude oil, and the largest net importer of liquefied natural gas (LNG). As of September 2022, there are six nuclear power plants (out of 17) with six reactors back in operation in the country. Since the 2011 Fukushima disaster, the country has decided to decommission a total of 27 reactors. In October 2021, the Cabinet approved the new Plan for Electricity Generation to 2030, which kept the nuclear target for 2030 of 20-22%, translating to a potential restart of another ten reactors. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, which caused a major supply turmoil in international natural gas market, also provided momentum to restart more idled nuclear reactors, setting the stage for a major policy shift on nuclear energy a decade after the Fukushima nuclear accident.