OECD Inventory of Support Measures for Fossil Fuels: Country Notes
This new web format for Country Notes on Fossil Fuel Support provides interactive on-line access to the latest data from the OECD Inventory of Support Measures for Fossil Fuels by country – identifying and estimating the value of support arising from policies that encourage the production or consumption of fossil fuels. The web version allows users to download, share and play with the data. Interactive graphics enable data visualisation, in national currency, by beneficiary and by energy product. These Country Notes provide, for each of the 50 economies covered in the Inventory, a snapshot of energy market structure, the current state of energy prices and taxes, and recent developments and trends in fossil fuel support. Data and country notes for the EU Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries have been collected and prepared as part of the GREEN Action Task Force.
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Estonia
Estonia is well endowed with fossil fuels mainly in the form of oil shale. It is the only country in the world where oil shale is the primary source of energy, supplying 76% of the energy used for electricity generation in 2018. However, the use of renewable energy sources (mainly woodfuel and wind) is increasing. Estonia has been modernising the oil-shale based electricity production with opening a new Auvere Power Plant in 2018 and will close some old production units in coming years. Note that oil shale is included in coal in the chart on the right, as per IEA classification. Estonia imports most of the natural gas and petroleum products it consumes. Imported natural gas is mainly used for the purposes of heat generation in power plants and industrial boilers.
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