Energy Subsidy Reform in the Republic of Moldova
Energy Affordability, Fiscal and Environmental Impacts
This report looks at the fiscal, environmental and social impacts of energy subsidy reform in Moldova with a particular focus on energy affordability. Reduced value added tax (VAT) rate on natural gas consumption and a VAT exemption on electricity and heat consumption by domestic users represent the largest fossil-fuel consumer subsidies in Moldova. Reforming these will imply an increase of the VAT rate, which will lead to an increase of gas, electricity and heat tariffs for households, and will in turn affect household consumption levels, related expenditures and energy affordability. If reform measures are to work, they will need to be accompanied by a carefully-designed social policy to protect poor households.
Also available in: Romanian
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Measuring energy poverty and ways to protect vulnerable groups in the European Union
This chapter introduces the definition of energy and fuel poverty on the basis of the experience of different European Union member states. It also briefly discusses several major types of measures that European Union countries use to protect vulnerable groups at risk of energy poverty.
Also available in: Romanian
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