Universal Basic Skills
What Countries Stand to Gain
While access to schooling has expanded around the world, many countries have not realised the hoped-for improvements in economic and social well-being. Access to education by itself is an incomplete goal for development; many students leave the education system without basic proficiency in literacy and numeracy. As the world coalesces around new sustainable development targets towards 2030, the focus in education is shifting towards access and quality. Using projections based on data from the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and other international student assessments, this report offers a glimpse of the stunning economic and social benefits that all countries, regardless of their national wealth, stand to gain if they ensure that every child not only has access to education but, through that education, acquires at least the baseline level of skills needed to participate fully in society.
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Review of knowledge capital and growth
This annex provides a more technical overview of the estimates of growth models that are relied upon in the text. It also describes the various tests used to judge whether the estimates can be interpreted as causal estimates of the effect of knowledge capital. More detail is found in Hanushek and Woessmann (2015).
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