PISA 2022 Results (Volume II)
Learning During – and From – Disruption
The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) examines what students know in mathematics, reading and science, and what they can do with what they know. It provides the most comprehensive and rigorous international assessment of student learning outcomes to date. Results from PISA indicate the quality and equity of learning outcomes attained around the world, and allow educators and policy makers to learn from the policies and practices applied in other countries. This is one of five volumes that present the results of the eighth round of assessment, PISA 2022 – which was conducted during the COVID-19 global pandemic. Volume II, Learning During – and From – Disruption, focuses on resilience in education and analyses its relevance for education systems, schools and students. The volume covers: learning during and from school closures; life at school and support from home; students’ pathways through school; investments in education; and school governance. Trends in these indicators are examined when comparable data are available.
Selecting and grouping students
This chapter describes how students are selected and sorted into different grade levels, schools, programmes and classes. It discusses the length and duration of schooling, attendance at pre-primary school and grade repetition. The chapter then examines the concentration of students in schools, the age at which students are first tracked into general or vocational programmes, and how they are grouped by ability, both between and within classes. These policies are then related to student performance, and to the equity of education systems.
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