This Country Note for Sweden forms part of the OECD Review on Evaluation and Assessment Frameworks for Improving School Outcomes. The purpose of the Review is to explore how systems of evaluation and assessment can be used to improve the quality, equity and efficiency of school education. Sweden was one of the countries which opted to participate in the country review strand and host a visit by an external review team. This Country Note is the report from the review team. It provides, from an international perspective, an independent analysis of major issues facing the evaluation and assessment framework in Sweden, current policy initiatives, and possible future approaches. The Country Note serves three purposes: (1) provide insights and advice to the Swedish education authorities; (2) help other OECD countries understand the Swedish approach; and (3) provide input for the final comparative report of the project.