Learning for Tomorrow's World
First Results from PISA 2003

The report presents a wealth of indicators showing how countries compare in various measures of educational performance and factors that affect that performance.
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How Student Performance Varies between Schools and the Role that Socio-Economic Background Plays in This
Centre for Educational Research and Innovation
Chapter 2 considered how well students in different countries perform in mathematics at age 15. The analyses reveal considerable variation in the relative standing of countries in terms of their students’ capacity to put mathematical knowledge and skills to functional use. However, the analyses also suggest that differences between countries represent only about one-tenth of the overall variation in student performance in the OECD area. Variation in student performance within countries can have a variety of causes, including the socio-economic backgrounds of students and schools; the ways in which teaching is organised and delivered in classes; the human and financial resources available to schools; and system-level factors such as curricular differences and organisational policies and practices. This chapter starts by examining more closely the performance gaps shown in Chapter 2. It considers, in particular, the extent to which overall variation in ...
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