What kinds of policy options do policy makers have to prepare students for the future? This chapter discusses the context, main issues and policies adopted across OECD countries to promote development of skills required for post-secondary education or for entering the labour market. The policies examined comprise those ensuring effective completion of upper secondary education, delivering quality vocational education and training (VET), improving the quality of tertiary education, and strengthening and facilitating transitions across education pathways and into the labour market. The chapter reviews policies adopted across OECD countries between 2008 and 2014 in a comparative approach, drawing mainly from the Education Policy Country Snapshots (), Education Policy Outlook Country Profiles, and OECD comparative and country-specific analysis. The reforms vary across countries, as they are influenced by context, traditions, institutional settings and specific national and regional challenges. They have been grouped according to the different policy options and their scope.