1887

OECD Factbook 2013

Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics

image of OECD Factbook 2013

OECD Factbook 2013 is a comprehensive and dynamic statistical annual publication from the OECD. More than 100 indicators cover a wide range of areas: agriculture, economic production, education, energy, environment, foreign aid, health, industry, information and communications, international trade, labour force, population, taxation, public expenditure, and R&D. This year,  the OECD Factbook features a focus chapter on gender.

Data are provided for all OECD member countries including area totals, and in some cases for selected non-member economies (including Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Russia & South Africa). For each indicator, there is a two-page spread: a text page includes a short introduction followed by a detailed definition of the indicator, comments on comparability of the data, an assessment of long-term trends related to the indicator and a list of references for further information on the indicator; the opposite page contains a table and a graph providing – at a glance – the key message conveyed by the data. A dynamic link (StatLink) is provided for each table where readers can download the corresponding data.

The OECD Factbook is also available as a free app for your mobile device! Visit your app store.

English Also available in: German, French

Exchange rates

National currency units per US dollar

English Also available in: French

Factbook 2012 - ISSN  - © OECD 2012

Exchange rates
National currency units per US dollar
‌‌
‌1999‌
‌2000‌
‌2001‌
‌2002‌
‌2003‌
‌2004‌
‌2005‌
‌2006‌
‌2007‌
‌2008‌
‌2009‌
‌2010‌
‌2011‌
Australia
1.5500
 
1.7248
 
1.9334
 
1.8406
 
1.5419
 
1.3598
 
1.3095
 
1.3280
 
1.1951
 
1.1922
 
1.2822
 
1.0902
 
0.9695
 
Austria
0.93863
 
1.08540
 
1.11751
 
1.06255
 
0.88603
 
0.80537
 
0.80412
 
0.79714
 
0.73064
 
0.68268
 
0.71984
 
0.75505
 
0.71936
 
Belgium
0.93863
 
1.08540
 
1.11751
 
1.06255
 
0.88603
 
0.80537
 
0.80412
 
0.79714
 
0.73064
 
0.68268
 
0.71984
 
0.75505
 
0.71936
 
Canada
1.4857
 
1.4851
 
1.5488
 
1.5693
 
1.4011
 
1.3010
 
1.2118
 
1.1344
 
1.0741
 
1.0670
 
1.1431
 
1.0302
 
0.9895
 
Chile
508.78
 
539.59
 
634.94
 
688.94
 
691.40
 
609.53
 
559.77
 
530.28
 
522.46
 
522.46
 
560.86
 
510.25
 
483.67
 
Czech Republic
34.569
 
38.598
 
38.035
 
32.739
 
28.209
 
25.700
 
23.957
 
22.596
 
20.294
 
17.072
 
19.063
 
19.098
 
17.696
 
Denmark
6.9762
 
8.0831
 
8.3228
 
7.8947
 
6.5877
 
5.9911
 
5.9969
 
5.9468
 
5.4437
 
5.0981
 
5.3609
 
5.6241
 
5.3687
 
Estonia
0.938
 
1.084
 
1.117
 
1.062
 
0.886
 
0.805
 
0.804
 
0.797
 
0.731
 
0.683
 
0.719
 
0.755
 
0.719
 
Finland
0.93863
 
1.08540
 
1.11751
 
1.06255
 
0.88603
 
0.80537
 
0.80412
 
0.79714
 
0.73064
 
0.68268
 
0.71984
 
0.75505
 
0.71936
 
France
0.93863
 
1.08540
 
1.11751
 
1.06255
 
0.88603
 
0.80537
 
0.80412
 
0.79714
 
0.73064
 
0.68268
 
0.71984
 
0.75505
 
0.71936
 
Germany
0.93863
 
1.08540
 
1.11751
 
1.06255
 
0.88603
 
0.80537
 
0.80412
 
0.79714
 
0.73064
 
0.68268
 
0.71984
 
0.75505
 
0.71936
 
Greece
0.89698
 
1.07234
 
1.11751
 
1.06255
 
0.88603
 
0.80537
 
0.80412
 
0.79714
 
0.73064
 
0.68268
 
0.71984
 
0.75505
 
0.71936
 
Hungary
237.15
 
282.18
 
286.49
 
257.89
 
224.31
 
202.75
 
199.58
 
210.39
 
183.63
 
172.11
 
202.34
 
207.94
 
201.06
 
Iceland
72.335
 
78.616
 
97.425
 
91.662
 
76.709
 
70.192
 
62.982
 
70.180
 
64.055
 
87.948
 
123.638
 
122.242
 
115.954
 
Ireland
0.93863
 
1.08540
 
1.11751
 
1.06255
 
0.88603
 
0.80537
 
0.80412
 
0.79714
 
0.73064
 
0.68268
 
0.71984
 
0.75505
 
0.71936
 
Israel
4.1397
 
4.0773
 
4.2057
 
4.7378
 
4.5541
 
4.4820
 
4.4877
 
4.4558
 
4.1081
 
3.5880
 
3.9323
 
3.7390
 
3.5781
 
Italy
0.93863
 
1.08540
 
1.11751
 
1.06255
 
0.88603
 
0.80537
 
0.80412
 
0.79714
 
0.73064
 
0.68268
 
0.71984
 
0.75505
 
0.71936
 
Japan
113.91
 
107.77
 
121.53
 
125.39
 
115.93
 
108.19
 
110.22
 
116.30
 
117.75
 
103.36
 
93.57
 
87.78
 
79.81
 
Korea
1 188.8
 
1 131.0
 
1 291.0
 
1 251.1
 
1 191.6
 
1 145.3
 
1 024.1
 
954.8
 
929.3
 
1 102.1
 
1 276.9
 
1 156.1
 
1 108.3
 
Luxembourg
0.93863
 
1.08540
 
1.11751
 
1.06255
 
0.88603
 
0.80537
 
0.80412
 
0.79714
 
0.73064
 
0.68268
 
0.71984
 
0.75505
 
0.71936
 
Mexico
9.560
 
9.456
 
9.342
 
9.656
 
10.789
 
11.286
 
10.898
 
10.899
 
10.928
 
11.130
 
13.514
 
12.636
 
12.423
 
Netherlands
0.93863
 
1.08540
 
1.11751
 
1.06255
 
0.88603
 
0.80537
 
0.80412
 
0.79714
 
0.73064
 
0.68268
 
0.71984
 
0.75505
 
0.71936
 
New Zealand
1.8896
 
2.2012
 
2.3788
 
2.1622
 
1.7221
 
1.5087
 
1.4203
 
1.5421
 
1.3607
 
1.4227
 
1.6002
 
1.3874
 
1.2659
 
Norway
7.7992
 
8.8018
 
8.9917
 
7.9838
 
7.0802
 
6.7408
 
6.4425
 
6.4133
 
5.8617
 
5.6400
 
6.2883
 
6.0442
 
5.6046
 
Poland
3.9671
 
4.3461
 
4.0939
 
4.0800
 
3.8891
 
3.6576
 
3.2355
 
3.1032
 
2.7680
 
2.4092
 
3.1201
 
3.0153
 
2.9629
 
Portugal
0.93863
 
1.08540
 
1.11751
 
1.06255
 
0.88603
 
0.80537
 
0.80412
 
0.79714
 
0.73064
 
0.68268
 
0.71984
 
0.75505
 
0.71936
 
Slovak Republic
1.3730
 
1.5281
 
1.6051
 
1.5046
 
1.2206
 
1.0707
 
1.0296
 
0.9858
 
0.8197
 
0.7091
 
0.7198
 
0.7550
 
0.7194
 
Slovenia
0.75851
 
0.92913
 
1.01297
 
1.00254
 
0.86427
 
0.80279
 
0.80414
 
0.79715
 
0.73064
 
0.68268
 
0.71984
 
0.75505
 
0.71936
 
Spain
0.93863
 
1.08540
 
1.11751
 
1.06255
 
0.88603
 
0.80537
 
0.80412
 
0.79714
 
0.73064
 
0.68268
 
0.71984
 
0.75505
 
0.71936
 
Sweden
8.2624
 
9.1622
 
10.3291
 
9.7371
 
8.0863
 
7.3489
 
7.4731
 
7.3783
 
6.7588
 
6.5911
 
7.6538
 
7.2075
 
6.4935
 
Switzerland
1.5022
 
1.6888
 
1.6876
 
1.5586
 
1.3467
 
1.2435
 
1.2452
 
1.2538
 
1.2004
 
1.0831
 
1.0881
 
1.0429
 
0.8880
 
Turkey
0.4188
 
0.6252
 
1.2256
 
1.5072
 
1.5009
 
1.4255
 
1.3436
 
1.4285
 
1.3029
 
1.3015
 
1.5500
 
1.5029
 
1.6750
 
United Kingdom
0.61806
 
0.66093
 
0.69466
 
0.66722
 
0.61247
 
0.54618
 
0.55000
 
0.54349
 
0.49977
 
0.54397
 
0.64192
 
0.64718
 
0.62414
 
United States
1.000
 
1.000
 
1.000
 
1.000
 
1.000
 
1.000
 
1.000
 
1.000
 
1.000
 
1.000
 
1.000
 
1.000
 
1.000
 
Euro Area
0.9386
 
1.0854
 
1.1175
 
1.0626
 
0.8860
 
0.8054
 
0.8041
 
0.7971
 
0.7306
 
0.6827
 
0.7198
 
0.7550
 
0.7194
 
Brazil
1.8139
 
1.8294
 
2.3496
 
2.9204
 
3.0775
 
2.9251
 
2.4344
 
2.1753
 
1.9471
 
1.8338
 
1.9994
 
1.7592
 
..
 
China
8.2783
 
8.2785
 
8.2771
 
8.2770
 
8.2770
 
8.2768
 
8.1943
 
7.9734
 
7.6075
 
6.9487
 
6.8314
 
6.7703
 
6.4615
 
India
43.055
 
44.942
 
47.186
 
48.610
 
46.583
 
45.316
 
44.100
 
45.307
 
41.349
 
43.505
 
48.405
 
45.726
 
46.670
 
Indonesia
7 855.15
 
8 421.78
 
10 260.90
 
9 311.19
 
8 577.13
 
8 938.85
 
9 704.74
 
9 159.32
 
9 141.00
 
9 698.96
 
10 389.90
 
9 090.43
 
8 770.43
 
Russian Federation
24.620
 
28.129
 
29.169
 
31.349
 
30.692
 
28.814
 
28.284
 
27.191
 
25.581
 
24.853
 
31.740
 
30.368
 
29.382
 
South Africa
6.1095
 
6.9398
 
8.6092
 
10.5407
 
7.5648
 
6.4597
 
6.3593
 
6.7716
 
7.0454
 
8.2612
 
8.4737
 
7.3212
 
7.2611
 
..
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