This chapter presents a detailed analysis of the French labour market from the perspective of the OECD Jobs Strategy.. Several analytical contributions were prepared for this chapter: i) the quantification of the impact of recent reforms in the taxation of labour and social benefits, designed to improve the economic situation of low-wage workers; ii) an intermediate update of the OECD’s Employment Protection Legislation (EPL) indicators; iii) an analysis of the impact of the cap on compensation for unfair dismissal; iv) an analysis of the reforms in collective bargaining practices and social dialogue, such as the reduction in the number of professional branches. Since 2015, job creation has lowered unemployment and underemployment, but the French labour market still faces many challenges. Employment rates are increasing but remain low, the population is unevenly skilled, and job turnover on less-than-one month contracts has increased for part of the workforce. The economy has not created enough high-quality jobs for the economic and social integration of large numbers of young people and those with few qualifications. Ambitious reforms have been introduced to reduce the uncertainty over dismissal costs while improving training opportunities for those with low qualifications, and increasing resources for careers guidance and advice, in a way consistent with the OECD Jobs Strategy. The government has also restructured social dialogue at the firm and branch levels, reduced uncertainty over dismissal procedures and engaged a reform of unemployment benefits. In order to fully leverage these reforms, priority will have to be given to making continuous training more effective and limiting the perpetuation of inequalities and school drop-out rates. Simplifying the organisation of career and guidance services and facilitating professional mobility would also help to align the supply of labour with demand and generate sustained productivity gains. Firm-level social dialogue should be promoted, as well as business involvement in initial and lifelong training. Furthermore, the ongoing reform of the unemployment benefit system as well as merging the different support mechanisms for low-income households would improve the efficiency and transparency of the welfare system while offering stronger incentives for a return to stable employment.