Country statistical profiles: Key tables from OECD
The key tables by country statistical profiles include a wide range of indicators on economy, education, energy, environment, foreign aid, health, information and communication, labour, migration, R&D, trade and society. Historical data refer to the latest eight time periods.
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Country statistical profiles: Key tables from OECD - ISSN 2075-2288 - © OECD 2016
| | Country statistical profile: Estonia 2016 | |||||||||
| | ||||||||||
| | | Unit | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
| | Production and income | |||||||||
| | GDP per capita | USD current PPPs | 22 487 | 20 188 | 21 084 | 23 914 | 25 872 | 27 124 | 28 113 | 28 940 |
| | Gross national income (GNI) per capita | USD current PPPs | 21 305 | 19 574 | 19 966 | 22 716 | 24 833 | 26 523 | 27 417 | .. |
| | Household disposable income | Annual growth % | 5.2 | -9.2 | -4.0 | 4.1 | -0.1 | 5.8 | 2.2 | .. |
| | Economic growth | |||||||||
| | Real GDP growth | Annual growth % | -5.4 | -14.7 | 2.5 | 7.6 | 5.2 | 1.6 | 2.9 | 1.1 |
| | Net saving rate in household disposable income | % | 2.0 | 7.3 | 4.1 | 5.2 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 3.4 | .. |
| | Gross fixed capital formation | % of GDP | -13.1 | -36.7 | -2.6 | 34.4 | 6.7 | 3.2 | -3.1 | -4.4 |
| | Economic structure: share of real value added | |||||||||
| | Agriculture, forestry, fishing | % | 2.7 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.5 |
| | Industry | % | 19.9 | 19.9 | 22.0 | 22.3 | 21.6 | 21.9 | 21.6 | 20.4 |
| | Trade, transport, accomm., restaurants, communication | % | 27.1 | 26.6 | 27.5 | 27.4 | 28.0 | 28.2 | 27.3 | .. |
| | Finance, insurance, real estate, business | % | 23.5 | 24.1 | 22.9 | 22.3 | 22.1 | 21.9 | 23.0 | .. |
| | Other services (ISIC Rev.4 O - U) | % | 17.2 | 19.9 | 18.5 | 17.1 | 16.9 | 17.4 | 17.8 | .. |
| | Government deficits and debt | |||||||||
| | Government deficit | % of GDP | -2.7 | -2.2 | 0.2 | 1.2 | -0.3 | -0.2 | 0.8 | 0.4 |
| | General government debt | % of GDP | 8.4 | 12.6 | 11.9 | 9.4 | 12.9 | 13.4 | 13.6 | .. |
| | General government revenues | % of GDP | 37.1 | 43.9 | 40.7 | 38.6 | 38.8 | 38.1 | 38.7 | 40.0 |
| | General government expenditures | % of GDP | 39.7 | 46.1 | 40.5 | 37.4 | 39.1 | 38.3 | 38.0 | 39.5 |
| | Expenditure | |||||||||
| | Public expenditure on health | % of GDP | 4.6 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 4.6 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Private expenditure on health | % of GDP | .. | .. | .. | 1.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Public social expenditure | % of GDP | 15.7 | 19.8 | 18.8 | 16.8 | 16.2 | 16.1 | 16.3 | .. |
| | Private social expenditure | % of GDP | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Public pension expenditure | % of GDP | 6.2 | 7.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Private pension expenditure | % of GDP | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Net official development assistance (Aid) | % of GNI | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Taxes | |||||||||
| | Total tax revenue | % of GDP | 31.9 | 35.3 | 34.0 | 32.3 | 32.5 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Taxes on income and profits | % of GDP | 7.9 | 7.5 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 6.8 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Taxes on goods and services | % of GDP | 11.8 | 14.4 | 13.7 | 13.4 | 13.7 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Taxes on the average worker | % of labour cost | 38.4 | 39.2 | 40.1 | 40.3 | 40.4 | 39.9 | 40.0 | 39.0 |
| | Trade | |||||||||
| | Imports of goods and services | % of GDP | 70.7 | 55.8 | 68.7 | 80.8 | 85.6 | 84.6 | 80.5 | 75.7 |
| | Exports of goods and services | % of GDP | 66.8 | 60.8 | 75.1 | 86.5 | 86.6 | 86.8 | 83.9 | 79.8 |
| | Goods trade balance: exports minus imports of goods | Bln USD | .. | .. | -0.4 | .. | -1.6 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Imports of goods | Bln USD | .. | .. | 13.2 | .. | 19.8 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Exports of goods | Bln USD | .. | .. | 12.8 | .. | 18.2 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Service trade balance: exports minus imports of services | Bln USD | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 | .. | .. |
| | Imports of services | Bln USD | 3.3 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 4.3 | .. | .. |
| | Exports of services | Bln USD | 5.3 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.9 | .. | .. |
| | Current account balance of payments | % of GDP | -8.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 1.8 | -1.7 | -1.1 | .. | .. |
| | Foreign direct investment (FDI) | |||||||||
| | Outward FDI stocks | Mln USD | .. | .. | 5 698 | 4 729 | 5 879 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Inward FDI stocks | Mln USD | 17 291 | 16 222 | 16 474 | 16 960 | 19 349 | 21 451 | .. | .. |
| | Inflows of foreign direct investment | Mln USD | 1 729 | 1 839 | 1 600 | 341 | 1 517 | 950 | .. | .. |
| | Outflows of foreign direct investment | Mln USD | 1 112 | 1 549 | 142 | -1 454 | 952 | 356 | .. | .. |
| | Prices and interest rates | |||||||||
| | Inflation rate: all items | Annual growth % | 10.4 | -0.1 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3.9 | 2.8 | -0.1 | -0.5 |
| | Inflation rate: all items non food non energy | Annual growth % | 6.5 | 1.9 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.4 |
| | Inflation rate: food | Annual growth % | 14.2 | -4.0 | 3.0 | 9.7 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 0.0 | -0.5 |
| | Inflation rate: energy | Annual growth % | 23.2 | -2.5 | 12.3 | 8.2 | 10.6 | 5.7 | -4.0 | -7.0 |
| | Producer Price Indices (PPI): manufacturing | Annual growth % | 7.6 | -3.9 | 2.1 | 5.7 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 0.3 | -2.7 |
| | Long-term interest rates | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Purchasing power and exchange rates | |||||||||
| | Purchasing power parities | EUR per USD | 0.55 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.54 | 0.54 |
| | Exchange rates | EUR per USD | 0.68 | 0.72 | 0.75 | 0.72 | 0.78 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.90 |
| | Indices of price levels | OECD = 100 | 76 | 72 | 68 | 69 | 66 | 71 | 73 | 67 |
| | Energy supply and prices | |||||||||
| | Total primary energy supply (TPES) | Mtoe | 5.4 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.7 | .. | .. | .. |
| | TPES per unit of GDP at 2000 prices and PPPs | Toe per '000 USD | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.23 | 0.23 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Renewables' contribution to total primary energy supply | % | 11.9 | 15.2 | 15.3 | 14.8 | 14.5 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Crude oil import prices | USD per barrel | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Information and Communications Technology (ICT) | |||||||||
| | Exports of ICT goods | Mln USD | 743 | 494 | 1 019 | 2 081 | 1 977 | .. | .. | .. |
| | ICT related occupations: business sector employment | % | .. | .. | .. | 4.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Households with access to the Internet | % | .. | .. | 67.8 | 70.8 | 75.0 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Environment | |||||||||
| | Water abstractions | Mln m3 | .. | .. | .. | 1 874 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Fish landings in domestic and foreign ports | '000 tonnes | .. | 29 | 92 | 78 | 65 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Aquaculture | '000 tonnes | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Municipal waste total | '000 tonnes | 524 | 452 | 406 | 399 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Municipal waste per capita | Kg | 390 | 340 | 300 | 300 | 280 | .. | .. | .. |
| | CO2emissions from fuel combustion | Mln tonnes | 18 | 15 | 18 | 18 | 16 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Education | |||||||||
| | Tertiary attainment in population aged 25-64 | % | .. | .. | .. | 36.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Expenditure per student: primary, 2010 prices | USD constant PPPs | .. | .. | 5 140 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Expenditure per student: secondary, 2010 prices | USD constant PPPs | .. | .. | 6 444 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Expenditure per student: tertiary, 2010 prices | USD constant PPPs | .. | .. | 6 501 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Youths 15-19 not in education nor employment | % | 4.9 | 8.0 | 6.1 | 6.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Youths 20-24 not in education nor employment | % | 10.7 | 19.8 | 22.4 | 15.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Employment | |||||||||
| | Employment rate in population aged 15-24 | % | 36.5 | 29.1 | 26.1 | 31.9 | 33.7 | 33.4 | 34.4 | .. |
| | Employment rate in population aged 25-54 | % | 83.7 | 76.4 | 74.8 | 78.2 | 79.4 | 80.3 | 80.7 | .. |
| | Employment rate in population aged 55-64 | % | 62.1 | 60.3 | 53.8 | 57.4 | 60.3 | 62.5 | 64.0 | .. |
| | Incidence of part-time employment | % | 6.3 | 8.5 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 8.2 | 8.0 | 7.6 | .. |
| | Self-employment rate: total employment | % | 7.9 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 9.1 | .. |
| | Self-employment rate, men: male employment | % | 10.7 | 11.7 | 11.9 | 12.3 | 12.6 | 12.4 | 12.5 | .. |
| | Self-employment rate, women: female employment | % | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.9 | 5.7 | .. |
| | Unemployment | |||||||||
| | Unemployment rate: total labour force | % | 5.5 | 13.6 | 16.7 | 12.4 | 10.0 | 8.6 | 7.4 | 6.2 |
| | Unemployment rate, men: male labour force | % | 5.7 | 16.7 | 19.3 | 13.1 | 10.9 | 9.1 | 7.9 | 6.2 |
| | Unemployment rate, women: female labour force | % | 5.1 | 10.4 | 14.1 | 11.7 | 9.1 | 8.1 | 6.9 | 6.1 |
| | Long-term unemployment: total unemployed | % | 31.2 | 27.3 | 45.3 | 57.3 | 54.7 | 44.5 | 45.3 | .. |
| | Labour compensation and hours worked | |||||||||
| | Labour compensation per unit labour input, total economy | Annual growth % | 11.3 | 4.0 | -0.2 | -1.7 | 7.8 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Average time worked per person in employment | Hours per year | 1 968 | 1 831 | 1 875 | 1 919 | 1 886 | 1 866 | 1 859 | .. |
| | Research and Development (R&D) | |||||||||
| | Gross domestic expenditure on R&D | Mln USD | 405 | 383 | 445 | 698 | 673 | 554 | 476 | .. |
| | Researchers: full-time equivalent | Per '000 employed | 6.2 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.3 | 7.1 | .. |
| | Population | |||||||||
| | Total population | '000 persons | 1 340 | 1 338 | 1 337 | 1 335 | 1 329 | 1 316 | 1 312 | |
| | Population growth rates | % | -0.2 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.4 | .. | .. | |
| | Total fertility rates | Children | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | .. | .. |
| | Youth population aged less than 15 | % of population | 14.9 | 15.1 | 15.3 | 15.5 | 15.7 | 15.9 | 16.1 | |
| | Elderly population aged 65 and over | % of population | 17.4 | 17.4 | 17.4 | 17.5 | 17.8 | 18.4 | 18.8 | |
| | International migration | |||||||||
| | Foreign-born population | % of population | .. | .. | .. | 15.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Foreign population | % of population | .. | .. | .. | 16.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Unemployment rate of native-born men | % of labour force | 6.0 | 17.3 | 19.4 | 13.1 | 10.8 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Unemployment rate of foreign-born men | % of labour force | 5.4 | 17.7 | 23.6 | 15.6 | 14.9 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Unemployment rate of native-born women | % of labour force | 5.2 | 10.5 | 13.4 | 11.2 | 9.2 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Unemployment rate of foreign-born women | % of labour force | 6.5 | 12.3 | 22.2 | 18.1 | 11.4 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Health | |||||||||
| | Life expectancy at birth | Years | 74.2 | 75.2 | 75.9 | 76.4 | 76.5 | 77.3 | .. | .. |
| | Life expectancy at birth: men | Years | 68.9 | 70.0 | 70.9 | 71.4 | 71.4 | 72.8 | .. | .. |
| | Life expectancy at birth: women | Years | 79.5 | 80.3 | 80.8 | 81.3 | 81.5 | 81.7 | .. | .. |
| | Infant mortality | Per '000 | 5.0 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 2.5 | 3.6 | 2.1 | .. | .. |
| | Obesity rate ages 15 and over | % of population | .. | .. | 16.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Suicide rates | Per 100 000 persons | 17.3 | 19.3 | 15.8 | 15.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Transport | |||||||||
| | Goods transport | Mln tonne-km | 12 969 | 11 183 | 12 249 | 12 184 | 10 922 | 10 709 | 9 564 | .. |
| | Passenger transport | Mln passenger-km | 2 950 | 2 585 | 2 514 | 2 501 | 2 726 | 2 844 | 2 851 | .. |
| | Road fatalities | Per mln inhabitants | 98 | 75 | 58 | 75 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Last updated: 27 April 2016; disclaimer: http://oe.cd/disclaimer | ||||||||||
Not available | ||||||||||
Break in series | ||||||||||
| Source: OECD Factbook statistics. For explanatory notes, see OECD Factbook 2015-2016 (DOI: 10.1787/factbook-2015-en) | ||||||||||