Foreword

Globalisation and free trade are strong drivers of economic growth. They have also opened up new opportunities for illicit trade activities. Criminal networks benefit from these opportunities at the expense of public safety, human rights, legitimate business activity and sustainable environmental resources. Consumers rely on effective institutions and law enforcement to protect them from the risks of illicit goods. Businesses also rely on them to counter and deter illicit markets. Trade in counterfeit goods undermines the legitimate competitive advantage of rights holders, and hampers innovation, employment and long-term economic growth. Illicit trade may also ultimately undermine the rule of law and citizens’ trust in government.