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As highlighted in the OECD Action Plan for Youth, successful engagement of young people in the labour market is crucial not only for their own personal economic prospects and well-being, but also for overall economic growth and social cohesion. Therefore, investing in youth is a policy priority in all countries, including Norway, requiring concerted action to develop education systems and labour market arrangements that work well together.
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Labour market conditions for young people (15-29 years) in Norway are among the most favourable across OECD countries, but the trend over the last decade has not been as positive. While the youth employment rate is high, at 59% in 2016 (compared to 52% in the OECD on average), it declined substantially in recent years and is now seven percentage points below its pre-crisis peak.
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This chapter presents a brief overview of labour market outcomes of young people in Norway. It sets off by summarising the demographic situation in Norway. It then describes the situation of young people in the labour market, looking at trends in employment, educational enrolment, unemployment and inactivity. The chapter concludes by outlining the challenge posed by young people who are not in employment, education or training (NEET).
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This chapter describes the characteristics of young people who are not in employment, education or training (NEETs) in Norway. It identifies risk factors of NEET status, and presents evidence on the life satisfaction, and the attitudes of NEETs. It then presents an analysis of the dynamics of NEET status, looking at the incidence, duration and timing of NEET spells among young people, examining which young people are at risk of becoming long-term NEETs.
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This chapter studies incomes and benefit receipt of youth, and particularly NEETs, in Norway. It sets off by describing the social safety net in Norway, providing a brief analysis of the benefits available for young people in the case of unemployment, disability or caring responsibilities. It then discusses trends in benefit receipt rates among young people since the start of the economic crisis. The final section provides evidence on benefit adequacy by looking at youth poverty.
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This chapter discusses Norway’s upper-secondary education system, especially its performance for disadvantaged and at-risk youth. It looks at early school leaving in Norway, policies aimed at combating school drop-out, and ways of designing education programmes for students who are not successful in the mainstream school system. It then examines vocational education and training in Norway, with a focus on workplace-based training programmes, and career guidance at school. Finally, it gives an overview of social services offered in school, and the co-ordination of these services.
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This chapter looks at Norway’s policies and programmes to bring NEETs into education or employment. It starts by describing the current architecture of employment and social service delivery, and by discussing the challenge of co-ordinating services for at‑risk young people. The chapter presents Norway’s strategies and solutions for reaching out to disengaged young people. It then assesses the coverage and adequacy of programmes aimed at re-engaging young jobseekers in employment, education or training, and to provide them with comprehensive social support. The chapter ends with a discussion of the political framework for ensuring that the impact of programmes targeted at NEETs in Norway is rigorously evaluated.