OECD Economics Department Working Papers
Working papers from the Economics Department of the OECD that cover the full range of the Department’s work including the economic situation, policy analysis and projections; fiscal policy, public expenditure and taxation; and structural issues including ageing, growth and productivity, migration, environment, human capital, housing, trade and investment, labour markets, regulatory reform, competition, health, and other issues.
The views expressed in these papers are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the OECD or of the governments of its member countries.
- Forthcoming titles
- ISSN: 18151973 (online)
- https://doi.org/10.1787/18151973
North Korea: The last transition economy?
The North Korean economy has been a statistical black hole for decades but is undergoing substantial transformations. Rapid post-war industrialisation was not sustained beyond the mid-1960s and South Korea’s economy far outpaced North Korea’s during the next three decades, during which trend growth declined and turned negative as Soviet support ended and the terms of trade with China became less friendly. Today, GDP in North Korea is reportedly lower than in 1990, notwithstanding a larger population, and gross national income per capita is probably down to only a tiny fraction of South Korea’s.
Keywords: food, international sanctions, transition, corruption, digitalisation, energy, trade, development, marketisation, North Korea, smuggling, China, defence, Russia, monetary reform, special economic zones, central planning, Soviet, South Korea, transport, exchange rates, tourism, health, natural disasters, rail, pollution, construction
JEL:
O21: Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth / Development Planning and Policy / Planning Models; Planning Policy;
P52: Economic Systems / Comparative Economic Systems / Comparative Studies of Particular Economies;
Z32: Other Special Topics / Tourism Economics / Tourism and Development;
P27: Economic Systems / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Performance and Prospects;
N35: Economic History / Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy / Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy: Asia including Middle East;
O53: Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth / Economywide Country Studies / Economywide Country Studies: Asia including Middle East;
P26: Economic Systems / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Political Economy; Property Rights;
P21: Economic Systems / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Planning, Coordination, and Reform;
P23: Economic Systems / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Factor and Product Markets; Industry Studies; Population;
N75: Economic History / Transport, Trade, Energy, Technology, and Other Services / Economic History: Transport, Trade, Energy, Technology, and Other Services: Asia including Middle East;
P28: Economic Systems / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Natural Resources; Energy; Environment;
N45: Economic History / Government, War, Law, International Relations, and Regulation / Economic History: Government, War, Law, International Relations, and Regulation: Asia including Middle East;
N15: Economic History / Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations / Economic History: Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations: Asia including Middle East;
P22: Economic Systems / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Prices;
P24: Economic Systems / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies / Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: National Income, Product, and Expenditure; Money; Inflation;
N65: Economic History / Manufacturing and Construction / Economic History: Manufacturing and Construction: Asia including Middle East;
N55: Economic History / Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries / Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: Asia including Middle East;
P31: Economic Systems / Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions / Socialist Enterprises and Their Transitions
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