The recovery is still hesitant
Bank lending to the domestic private sector remains weak
Low competitiveness weighs on export growth
Well-being outcomes are above average
Income distribution is relatively equal
Debt simulations
Expected increases in pension costs
Main components of public expenditure
Spending on passive labour market measures is high
The tax structure is tilted towards labour income
The yield of the value-added tax is relatively low
The labour tax wedge is very high
Greenhouse gas emissions in transport and residential sectors
The employment rate of immigrants is low
Non-EU immigrants have poorer labour market performance
Immigrants have poorer job characteristics
Immigrants are highly concentrated in Brussels
Unemployment and inactivity traps reduce work incentives
Minimum wages are fairly high
Children of immigrants underperform by a wide margin
Children of immigrants are over-represented in disadvantaged schools and lower education tracks
Real house prices have stabilised after a steep increase
Household spending on housing has increased moderately
Tenants are most affected by housing cost
Homeownership is widespread outside Brussels
Housing stock evolved in line with demand
Residential mobility is mediocre