Innovation is a core growth driver in knowledge-based economies, and a subject for wide-ranging policy efforts, as noted in the OECD Innovation Strategy (OECD, 2010a). National growth depends on the growth of all its regions and their innovation performance (OECD, 2012). At the supra-national level, the European Union has placed innovation at the heart of its Europe 2020 growth strategy, specifying a key role for regions. International development banks are also paying increasing attention to the role of regions in achieving national innovation goals.