The think small first principle of the Small Business Act requires full consideration of SMEs at an early stage of policy development. The capacity to create and implement effective public policy is determined by the structure of the process and its ability to promote timely and appropriate regulation. A policy and institutional framework to tackle SME needs is an important first step to creating a favourable business environment for SMEs. This chapter focuses on the institutional framework for SME policy making and provides an overview of the institutional framework set in place in the Eastern Partner (EaP) countries. It describes three aspects of the SME policy process: the institutional framework, legislative simplification and regulatory impact analysis (RIA) and public-private consultations.