This section covers developments over the past ten years in selected Latin American countries. It covers the institutional innovations that have occurred, focussing on the decentralisation of service delivery, outsourcing of delivery, and co-financing by regional governments and beneficiaries. Farmers today are faced in this region with rapidly changing agricultural markets due to changing consumer demands and trade liberalisation, and thus the innovations needed are as much institutional as they are technical. This will require new partnerships, new rules and regulations and new forms of innovation. An innovation system perspective is called for, rather than a narrow Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation System (AKIS) focus.