This chapter describes key features of Switzerland’s health system. With a small and ageing population, Switzerland enjoys some of the best health outcomes amongst OECD countries, albeit at greater cost than most others. Health care is a major contributor to the Swiss economy. The central feature of the Swiss health system is its mandatory health insurance, provided through regulated competition between insurers. Mandatory health insurance supports Swiss citizens for the full spectrum of their basic health needs, from ambulatory care through to hospital care. Cantons play a significant role in financing, organising and delivering health care services.