Bulgaria’s economic growth has fallen from its pre‑crisis pace and its shrinking demand discourages foreign labour migration and other migration inflows. The number of permanent residence permits issued to foreign citizens has been falling from its peak of 4 600 in 2008, to 3 200 in 2011. Acquisition of long-term residence permits, at 19 300, also remains below pre-crisis levels. Turkey (1 140 and 5 450) and the Russian Federation (220 and 3 780) led in new granted permits in both cases in 2011. Only 600 work permits were issued in 2011, a decrease from 770 in 2010.