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The percentage of regional patent applications with co-inventors from another region, whether or not they belong to the same country, is an indicator of co-operation activity in innovation between localities.
More than 60% of patents in OECD countries are applied for by two or more inventors. The share of co-patenting on the total Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) applications can be high for patenting leaders (such as the United States), residual actors (such as Slovenia and Hungary) and emerging economies (India) (Figure 17.1).
The propensity to co-patent with co-inventor(s) from the same TL3 region (average 46%) is higher than with co-inventor(s) from the same country (average 33%) and from foreign regions (average 21%). Turkey, China and Japan show the highest propensity to co-patent within the same region. Japan, Korea, and the United States show the lowest propensity to co-patent outside national borders. Those countries play the role of global patenting hubs. By contrast, the -Slovak Republic, Chile and Greece - which have a low level of patenting activities - and Switzerland and Belgium seem more oriented toward international co-operation rather than national (Figure 17.2).
Among the 10% regions that patent the most, different -patterns of collaboration emerge. The top patenting regions in Belgium, France, Canada and the United Kingdom are relatively more connected with other foreign hubs. American States and Chungheong region (Korea) have a relatively lower share of foreign collaborations even if they are strongly -connected with other hubs. The top ranking regions in Asian countries show lower propensity to patent collaborations and foreign co-inventors than the other regions (Figure 17.3).
Definition
A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention, which is a product or a process with industrial applicability that provides, in general, a new way of doing something, or offers a new technical solution to a problem ( "inventive step" ). A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent. The protection is granted for a limited period, generally 20 years.
Data refer to overall patent applications to PCT applications.
Patent documents report the inventors (where the invention takes place), as well as the applicants (owners), along with their addresses and country of residence. Patent counts are based on the inventor's region of residence and fractional counts. If on the patent document are registered two or more inventors, the patent is classified as a co-patent.
The number of foreign co-inventors is defined as the number of co-inventors that reside/work in a TL region outside national borders.
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Source
OECD REGPAT Database http://dotstat/wbos/.
See Annex B for data, source and country-related metadata.
Reference years and territorial level
1995-2007; TL3 and TL2.
Figure notes
17.2: Average by country of distribution of co-inventors by location (TL3 regions).
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| Indicator in PDF |
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| 17.1 Patent applications with co-inventors as a % of PCT patents, 2005-07 |
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| 17.2 Share of collaborations in patents, by location of co-inventors, TL3 regions, 2005-07 |
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| 17.3 Share of co-patents (X-axis) and share of foreign collaborations (Y-axis) in the 10% regions with the highest patent applications, 2005-07 |
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