New indicators on trademarks point to large numbers of incremental and marketing innovations and suggest that countries perform both technological and non-R&D-based innovation. Countries with a large manufacturing sector or an ICT specialisation have a greater propensity to patent than to “trademark”. Countries with a large services sector tend to engage more in trademark protection. Countries in the process of catching-up have a lower propensity to innovate or to seek protection for their innovations (via patents or trademarks) than OECD countries.