OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2008
The OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2008 reviews key trends in science, technology and innovation in OECD countries and a number of major non-member economies including Brazil, Chile, China, Israel, Russia and South Africa. Using the latest available data and indicators, the book examines topics high on the agenda of science and innovation policy makers, including science and innovation performance; trends in national science, technology and innovation policies; and practices to assess the socio-economic impacts of public research. This volume also provides an individual profile of the science and innovation performance of each country in relation to its national context and current policy challenges.
Also available in: French
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France
France’s strengths in areas such as nuclear energy, aerospace and transport are renowned. However, innovation performance, as measured by various indicators, has declined in recent years. R&D expenditures slowed from 2.3% of GDP in 1995 to 2.1% in 2006, behind Germany (2.5%) but just ahead of the United Kingdom (1.8%). Until the mid-2000s, France lagged its main competitors in expanding fields such as biotechnology and nanotechnology.
Also available in: French
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Click to download PDF - 361.02KBPDF
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