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Asia-Pacific Population Journal - Volume 31, Issue 1, 2016
Volume 31, Issue 1, 2016
Issued two times a year, the Asia-Pacific Population Journal is an invaluable resource containing opinions and analysis by experts on important issues related to population. It provides a medium for the international exchange of knowledge, experience, ideas, technical information and data on all aspects of population.
Language:
English
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The present and future of time-use analysis in developing countries
Authors: Maria S. Floro and Elizabeth M. KingThe findings of this paper show that time-use data can deepen our understanding of human behaviour, such as how women, men and children across socioeconomic strata conduct their daily lives and make choices. Based on a review of existing research it shows that time-use information reveals a much wider range of economic contributions from women, men and children than conventional measures of economic activities, and yields more comprehensive estimates of aggregate production. In addition, household production and caregiving contribute to all aspects of the well-being of household members and yet typically remain unmeasured. Time-use data and analyses uncover the commonly hidden time dimensions of income poverty by exposing the time pressure faced by household members. The effectiveness of various development policies and investments will be a major concern in the coming years as countries and development agencies work towards the 17 SDGs. This review of time-use research shows that any assessment of that effectiveness can be enriched by documenting and analyzing how those policies and programmes lead to shifts in people’s time allocation. Cost-effectiveness measures of programmes and investments are incomplete when they ignore the required time inputs of users. There have been major improvements in conceptualizing, collecting and analyzing time-use information. Many countries are now collecting time-use data, but many more improvements are needed to address the practical difficulties that face developing countries in implementing data collection instruments.
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How does public infrastructure (or lack thereof) affect time use in Mongolia?
Authors: Mungunsuvd Terbish and Maria S. FloroThis study examines the impact of access to basic infrastructure such as water supply and sanitation systems on the unpaid work time of women and men in Mongolia. This is particularly important to address the country’s human development goals, given that only one out of five households has piped-in water and inadequate sanitation remains prevalent especially in rural areas. Using the 2011 National Time Use Survey (TUS) of Mongolia that covers 4,000 households across five geographic regions, the study employs the Tobit model to explore the relationship between household access to basic infrastructure and the amount of time spent on collecting water and household work. The results provide empirical evidence on how lack of adequate infrastructure such as water and sanitation systems can impose a greater unpaid work burden on women and lengthens the time required to perform activities related to household survival and social reproduction. The findings are likely to vary across regions and wealth tertiles.
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Bargaining power and the household division of labour: Evidence from 2008 China time-use survey
Authors: Shi Fengdan, Pan Xuhua, Caryn Bruyere and Maria S. FloroAnalysis of time use patterns and the role of bargaining power enhance our understanding of household dynamics and factors impacting women’s labour market participation in China. It is a useful tool for policymakers seeking to promote gender equality and improve women’s well-being. Using a sample of 13,505 couples from the 2008 China National Time Use Survey (CTUS), this study examines the relationship between bargaining power and the amount of time allocated to household and care work and market work. It is found that wives spend a longer time working in a day (556 minutes) than husbands (520 minutes). The findings also show that the impact of bargaining power on women’s time in unpaid work is complicated. Husbands with higher bargaining power (as proxied by the education gap between spouses) spend less time on housework and more time on market work. However, the education gap does not influence women’s time spent on household work, while the bargaining power proxied by age gap between spouses does not affect the husband’s household work time. Having young children increases the time spent in housework for both spouses, but the wife’s housework increases considerably more than her husband’s (89.3 minutes vs. 29.8 minutes). The presence of older, retired household members reduces the wife’s housework and increases her market work, indicating their support in domestic chores performed by women.
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Work-life balance and time use: Lessons from Thailand
Authors: Phanwin Yokying, Budsara Sangaroon, Tassanee Sushevagul and Maria S. FloroThe multiple responsibilities faced by married women in Thailand have made work-life balance an important issue for policymakers, as long work hours and lack of time for socializing and leisure can lead to a deterioration of health and well-being. Using the merged 2009 Thailand Labour Force Survey and National Time Use Survey data, the paper examines work-life balance situations by analyzing the determinants of unpaid work, market work and leisure time among 12,437 married individuals aged 25 to 60 years old. Rural women cope with tensions between their market work and household tasks by reducing their leisure time. Urban women manage their care responsibilities by reducing their time spent on market work. Although both women and men confront tensions between household and market work and between work and leisure, the tensions are likely to be more intense for women, affecting their participation in the labour market as well as their ability to achieve a healthy work-life balance. Some policy options to address this issue conclude this paper.
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 32
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Volume 31
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Volume 30
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Volume 28
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Volume 26
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Volume 29
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Volume 27
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Volume 25
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Volume 24
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Volume 23
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Volume 22
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Volume 21
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Volume 20
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Volume 19
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Volume 18
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Volume 17
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Volume 16
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Volume 15
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Volume 14
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Volume 13
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Volume 12
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Volume 11
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Volume 10
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Volume 9
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Volume 8
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Volume 7
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Volume 6
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Volume 5
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Volume 4
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Volume 3
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Volume 2
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Volume 1
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