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23 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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The Jobs Challenge in Poland: Policies to Raise Employment
Andrew Burns, Przemyslaw Kowalski, Pages: 41
in
OECD Economics Department Working Papers
With almost 50 per cent of the working age population not working, improving labour market performance represents an essential and daunting challenge for Poland. While some of today’s joblessness is cyclical in nature, most of it appears to be structural. This paper argues that to increase...
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23 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Highly Skilled Labour and International Mobility in South America
Rodolfo Barrere, Lucas Luchilo, Julio Raffo, Pages: 44
in
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
This paper presents the main trends in respect of the supply of human resources in science and technology (HRST) in Latin America and the international mobility of its highly skilled labour. This will be done through the identification of potential data sources, followed by a presentation of...
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21 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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International Licensing and the Strengthening of Intellectual Property Rights in Developing Countries
Walter G. Park, Douglas C. Lippoldt, Pages: 49
in
OECD Trade Policy Papers
This study presents an empirical analysis of the extent to which stronger intellectual property rights promote international technology transfer through licensing activities. The analysis focuses on licensing activities of U.S. multinationals as well as on international licensing alliances...
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20 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Product Market Competition and Economic Performance in Finland
Jens Høj, Michael Wise, Pages: 46
in
OECD Economics Department Working Papers
Following the deep recession in the early 1990s growth has been strong, but the scope for economic catch-up remains considerable and cross-country empirical evidence suggests that enhancing competition is an important means of achieving this. Structural reforms to strengthen competition in the...
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17 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Benefit Coverage Rates and Household Typologies: Scope and Limitations of Tax-Benefit Indicators
Herwig Immervoll, Pascal Marianna, Marco Mira d'Ercole, Pages: 91
in
OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers
The OECD regularly produces estimates of tax burdens and benefit entitlements for a range of "typical household" situations. The results of these calculations (published in the Benefits and Wages and Taxing Wages series) are frequently used to compare countries’ tax-benefit systems and to...
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16 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Private Health Insurance in the Netherlands: A Case Study
Nicole Tapay, Francesca Colombo, Pages: 44
in
OECD Health Working Papers
Private health insurance (PHI) is the sole source of primary health coverage for a third of the Netherlands’ population earning above a set income threshold. Social insurance (together with limited public (tax-based financing) is the main source of health coverage for the majority of the...
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15 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Regulatory Reform and Market Openness: Understanding the Links to Enhance Economic Performance
Peter Czaga, Pages: 27
in
OECD Trade Policy Papers
This study examines the interconnections between domestic regulatory reform and market openness by drawing on OECD’s earlier work on the regulatory aspects of trade. Part 1 considers how domestic regulations and regulatory reform affect market openness. It shows how with the help of advanced...
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09 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Design Choices in Market Competition for Employment Services for the Long-Term Unemployed
Ludo Struyven, Pages: 52
in
OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers
Most Western countries have a long tradition of employment service provision by public bodies and non-profit organisations, but not by for-profit organisations. The creation of a quasi-market arrangement is not a simple choice for government. This paper underscores the difficulties and...
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08 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Oil Price Developments: Drivers, Economic Consequences and Policy Responses
Anne-Marie Brook, Robert Price, Douglas Sutherland, Niels Westerlund, Christophe André, Pages: 52
in
OECD Economics Department Working Papers
This paper analyses the factors influencing the price of oil and its likely evolution over the next quarter century. It begins by investigating the fundamental forces shaping long-term oil price developments, highlighting the importance of growth-led demand for oil, particularly that emanating...
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02 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Measuring Atypical Jobs: Levels and Changes
Leonello Tronti, Francesca Ceccato, Eleonora Cimino, Pages: 29
in
OECD Statistics Working Papers
Over the past years, non-standard, flexible employment contracts have gained in importance in many OECD countries. This has made it difficult for statisticians to apply standard classifications of working arrangements to measure and analyse labour market developments. This paper presents a new...
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02 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Average and Marginal Effective Tax Rates Facing Workers in the EU: A Micro-Level Analysis of Levels, Distributions and Driving Factors
Herwig Immervoll, Pages: 46
in
OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers
Macro-based effective tax rate (ETR) measures do not provide information on the level or distribution of marginal effective tax rates thought to influence household behaviour. They also do not capture differences in average ETRs facing different population sub-groups. I use EUROMOD, an EUwide...
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01 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Extending Insurance?: Funeral Associations in Ethiopia and Tanzania
Stefan Dercon, Tessa Bold, Joachim De Weerdt, Alula Pankhurst, Pages: 46
in
OECD Development Centre Working Papers
This paper studies the development of indigenous insurance institutions set up to help cover the high costs of funerals, using evidence from rural areas in Tanzania and Ethiopia. Many of these institutions tend to co-exist within the same community and are based on well-defined rules and...
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01 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Mobilising Investment for Development: Role of ODA the 1993-2003 Experience in Vietnam
Thuc Duc Le, Thi Thanh Ha Nguyen, Thu Hang Nguyen, Thi Hanh Tran, Pages: 32
in
OECD Working Papers on International Investment
The Vietnamese economy was in the doldrums in the 1980s and until a certain progress had been made in the context of Doi Moi there was little incentive for businesses to invest. The following reasons are commonly given for the sluggish economic activity: a lack of appropriate infrastructure...
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01 Dec 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Overcoming Barriers to Competitiveness
Orsetta Causa, Daniel Cohen, Pages: 64
in
OECD Development Centre Working Papers
Raising manufacturing productivity is of central importance to the developing world and an essential element of policy making. Overcoming Barriers to Competitiveness is about establishing the most reliable analysis of manufacturing productivity possible and helping policy makers set their...
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10 Nov 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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The Cost of Introducing and Implementing Trade Facilitation Measures: Interim Report
Evdokia Moïsé, Pages: 28
in
OECD Trade Policy Papers
This report presents preliminary findings from a series of country surveys on the costs of introducing and implementing trade facilitation measures. It was prepared in response to concerns with respect to the cost implications of a future WTO agreement on trade facilitation and will be...
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09 Nov 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Banking Reform in Russia: Problems and Prospects
William Tompson, Pages: 47
in
OECD Economics Department Working Papers
This paper examines the state of the Russian banking sector in 2004 and assesses the most important reform initiatives of the last two years, including deposit insurance legislation, a major reform of the framework for prudential supervision, steps to increase transparency in the sector, and...
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09 Nov 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Wealth Effects on Money Demand in EMU: Econometric Evidence
Laurence Boone, Fanny Mikol, Paul van den Noord, Pages: 20
in
OECD Economics Department Working Papers
This paper investigates the determinants of money demand (M3) in the euro area. It specifically examines the potential impact of financial and housing wealth on money demand. It tests the hypothesis, whether wealth associated with increases in asset prices is used to finance liquidity holdings...
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01 Nov 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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ODA and Investment for Development: What Guidance Can Be Drawn from Investment Climate Scoreboards?
Hans Christiansen, Pages: 51
in
OECD Working Papers on International Investment
The present paper was prepared in the context of a joint project between the OECD Investment Committee (IC) and Development Assistance Committee (DAC) on Official Development Assistance and Investment for Development. It responds to discussions at the IC-DAC Workshop on Synergies between ODA...
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29 Oct 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Public Expenditure Management in France
Andrew Burns, Alessandro Goglio, Pages: 44
in
OECD Economics Department Working Papers
Since the early 1990s, when France's general government deficit reached a disturbing 6 per cent of GDP, the country's public finances have progressed substantially, even though significantly further improvement is required. This paper examines the tools available to policy-makers to meet this...
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28 Oct 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Selecting Indicators for the Quality of Mental Health Care at the Health Systems Level in OECD Countries
Richard Hermann, Soeren Mattke, Pages: 36
in
OECD Health Technical Papers
This report presents the consensus recommendations of an international expert panel on indicators for mental health care. Using a structured review process, the panel selected a set of 12 indicators to cover the four key areas treatment, continuity of care, coordination of care, and patient...
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