This chapter is a summary of the background report Competition Law and Policy in Indonesia. It notes that Indonesia has made significant progress implementing the framework for competition policy and law enforcement over the past decade in the face of major challenges. However, it finds that the effectiveness of the Competition Agency is hampered by a number of residual problems with the legislative framework and that competition law and policy must be restored to a high priority on the government’s regulatory policy agenda. Better integration of the Competition Agency in the policy process and the application of competition assessment to the development of new regulatory proposals and existing legislation will realize economic gains through improved market performance right across the economy.