National Intellectual Property Systems, Innovation and Economic Development
With perspectives on Colombia and Indonesia
This publication addresses the role of national systems of IP in the socio-economic development of emerging countries, notably through their impact on innovation. It presents a framework that identifies the key mechanisms that enable IP systems to support emerging countries’ innovation and development objectives. The report also discusses two IP country studies conducted for Colombia and Indonesia. These are based on analyses of the national intellectual property systems, drawing on country missions that gathered detailed information and feedback from more than 100 stakeholders on IP-related priorities and bottlenecks. Concrete policy recommendations are provided for both countries.
Analysing the national intellectual property systems of developing and emerging countries
This chapter defines a framework to provide guidance on conducting country analyses for national intellectual property (IP) systems in middle-income countries with the aim of defining policy recommendations to promote innovation. It concludes that national IP systems can support innovation in these countries by creating exclusive rights for different groups of users. IP systems have to have legal and administrative conditions to guarantee those rights. Moreover, economic development contexts are characterised by multiple market failures where leading innovative firms and universities co-exist with a substantial informal sector and a large number of firms with low innovation capacities. If different users are to benefit from the national IP system, complementary support policies are needed as well as a focus on types of IP beyond patents. Successful reforms of national IP systems will also depend on a high level of co-ordination to implement an effective IP for innovation agenda.