Pensions at a Glance Asia/Pacific 2013
Pensions are a major policy issue in developed and developing countries alike. However, pension reform is challenging and controversial because it involves long-term planning by governments faced with numerous short-term pressures. It often provokes heated debates and, sometimes, street protests.
Countries can learn valuable lessons from others’ pension systems and their experiences of retirement-income reforms. However, national pension systems are very complicated, involving much institutional, technical, and legal elements. Consequently, international comparisons are very difficult to undertake, making it difficult to transfer policy lessons between countries. Hence, this publication aims to fill this gap, with a particular focus on countries in the Asia/Pacific regions.
This study combines rigorous analysis with clear and easy-to-understand presentations of empirical results. It does not advocate any particular kind of pension system or type of reform. The goal is to inform debates on retirement-income systems with data that people with different visions for the future of pensions can all use as a reference point.
Egalement disponible en : Coréen
Gross pension wealth
Gross pension wealth, indicating the magnitude of the pension promise, ranges, for men, from a high of 19.1 in China for low earners to a low of 2.6 in Indonesia for high earners. The value for women in China is actually even higher at 19.7, meaning that someone on 50% average lifetime earnings has a mandatory pension worth 19.7 times their earnings level at retirement. China has considerably higher levels than for any other Asian economy, though the values for men in Viet Nam are still over 15 across all the earnings levels.