Since 2000, Austria has consolidated and further developed what was already a sound environmental policy framework. This chapter reviews the main strategies and initiatives that were launched during the decade in the areas of sustainable development and environmental management. It examines Austria’s environmental governance, the regulatory framework for environmental protection, and the activities to ensure compliance with environmental requirements. The chapter also reviews the mechanisms in place to improve horizontal and vertical co-ordination, and the instruments used to systematically evaluate the environmental impacts of economic and sectoral policies. Progress in promoting environmental democracy, through open access to information and improved public participation in decision making, is also discussed.