In recent years, Norway has developed a strengthened structure to monitor the education system. The Directorate for Education and Training is responsible for NKVS and monitors the quality of the school system via a range of statistical indicators and commissioned research studies. The key indicators to measure education system performance are the results from international assessments, the national tests, students’ final assessments and the Pupil Survey. The Directorate for Education and Training uses a stable reporting framework to evaluate the Norwegian school system but also augments the basic national information system depending on the availability of results from various measures. Since 2006, there has been a co-ordinated national inspection focused on school owners’ systems to assess school compliance with the Education Act. The implementation of national initiatives is monitored and evaluated, and there has also been focus on strengthening monitoring at the local level. However, many municipalities lack self-evaluation capacities and the external monitoring of municipalities by County Governors’ offices remains rather light. A key challenge in national system monitoring is the lack of outcome measures that would allow the monitoring of changes over time.