Over the last ten years, Slovenia has established a comprehensive framework of environmental policies and strengthened its environmental institutions. It has also successfully transposed most of the EU environmental directives into key national laws. This chapter examines Slovenia’s environmental governance, including horizontal and vertical co-ordination, as well as the coherence of the design and implementation of environmental and land use policies. Also analysed are the drivers of improved compliance with environmental requirements and the effectiveness of environmental permitting, enforcement and liability systems. Progress in promoting environmental democracy (through open access to information, improved public participation, education and access to justice) is discussed. In addition, this chapter evaluates environmental performance in two selected policy areas: nature protection and biodiversity conservation; and surface and groundwater management.