OECD Environmental Outlook to 2030
The OECD Environmental Outlook to 2030 provides analyses of economic and environmental trends to 2030, and simulations of policy actions to address the key challenges. Without new policies, we risk irreversibly damaging the environment and the natural resource base needed to support economic growth and well-being. The costs of policy inaction are high.
But the Outlook shows that tackling the key environmental problems we face today -- including climate change, biodiversity loss, water scarcity and the health impacts of pollution -- is both achievable and affordable. It highlights a mix of policies that can address these challenges in a cost-effective way. The focus of this Outlook is expanded from the 2001 edition to reflect developments in both OECD countries and Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China, South Africa (BRIICS), and how they might better co-operate on global and local environmental problem-solving.
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Annex B
Modelling Framework
The analysis for the OECD Environmental Outlook has been supported by two modelling frameworks that have been coupled: i) the ENV-Linkages computable general equilibrium model for the economic variables; and ii) a set of environmental models linked to the Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment (IMAGE). This annex provides information about the models, and the main assumptions used in developing the Outlook Baseline and policy simulations. Particular attention is given to the way these models have been connected together for use in the OECD Environmental Outlook. The annex includes a tabular overview of which environmental estimates were produced with what model. It also outlines some specific sources of model-related uncertainty.
Also available in: French
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