OECD and the International Transport Forum (ITF) held a Global Forum on Transport and Environment in a Globalising World, 10-12 November 2008 in Guadalajara, Mexico.* There were around 200 participants from 23 countries at the Global Forum, representing national and local governments, academia, business, environmental organisations, etc. The main purpose of the Global Forum, and of this book, was to discuss the impact globalisation has had on transport levels, the consequences for the environment and the policy instruments that can be used to limit any negative impacts for the environment. This book is based on the papers addressing globalisation issues that were prepared for that forum. The papers have been somewhat edited, in an attempt to present a continuous story, and to avoid much overlap among chapters. Some additional or updated material has also been added, but the systematic research for the various chapters was ended in the autumn of 2008.