Browse by: "PRE-2007"

L’énergie, les transports, l’eau et les télécommunications sont autant d’infrastructures indispensables au développement et à la croissance, aujourd’hui comme demain. Au cours des prochaines décennies, les besoins en investissements infrastructurels seront massifs, et se chiffreront en trillions de dollars. Comment seront financés ces investissements, alors que les populations des pays de l’OCDE vieillissent rapidement et que la situation des finances publiques devient plus délicate ? Comment des facteurs tels que l’urbanisation, le changement climatique et la mondialisation affecteront-ils le développement des infrastructures dans les pays de l’OCDE ? et comment le rôle du secteur public et des acteurs privés évoluera-t-il au fil du temps ? Ce ne sont là que quelques-unes des questions que le rapport de l'OCDE rapport soulève dans son évaluation à long terme du devenir des infrastructures des pays de l'OCDE et de la zone non-OCDE.

This International Energy Agency review of Greece's energy policies provides a comprehensive assessment of Greece's energy policies and programs. Covering oil, natural gas, renewables, and electricity and lignite, the review also examines cross-cutting issues like energy and the environment, energy efficiency, and energy technology and R&D.  The report finds that in recent years, Greece has much progress in reforming its electricity and gas markets, but further reform is needed to achieve a fully competitive energy market.  The report also recommends actions to reduce CO2 emissions, reduce dependence on oil, and increase energy efficiency.

This book presents data designed to assist in understanding the evolution of the emissions of CO2 from 1971 to 2004 for more than 140 countries and regions by sector and by fuel. Emissions were calculated using IEA energy databases and the default methods and emission factors from the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.

Ukraine has one of the most energy-intensive economies in the industrialised world. While energy consumption has dropped since the country’s independence, reliance on imports, particularly on gas from Russia, has not declined. This report examines how the Ukraine can meet these challenges.  It identifies three key priority areas for action: energy efficiency, cost-reflective pricing and transparency. Efficiency represents not only Ukraine’s single best opportunity to improve energy security but is also vital for the country’s growth and development. The report covers all aspects of the energy sector, such as energy demand, the policy framework and subsectors including energy efficiency, oil, gas, coal, electricity, district heating and renewable energy.

At the request of the Angolan government in 2005, the IEA conducted a survey of the Angolan energy sector and energy policies. This resulting report on Angola focuses on areas for priority action and hones in on energy subsectors likely to play the largest role in meeting domestic demand for modern energy services: notably electricity and oil products. As biomass currently plays an immense role in meeting the bulk of the energy needs of Angolan households, this sub-sector is also featured, with emphasis on improving the sustainability of this renewable energy source. This study offers a realistic update on Angola’s present day energy situation and identifies the main priorities which could form the basis of an effective overall energy strategy.  It also provides lessons that could be applicable in many other developing countries.

This detailed reference work on gas supply and demand covers not only the OECD countries but also the rest of the world.  It contains essential information on LNG and pipeline trade, gas reserves, storage capacity and prices. The main part of the book, however, concentrates on OECD countries, showing a detailed supply and demand balance for each country and for the three OECD regions: North America, Europe and Pacific, as well as a breakdown of gas consumption by end-user. Import and export data are reported by source and destination.

This volume contains data on the supply and consumption of coal, oil, gas, electricity, heat, renewables and waste presented as comprehensive energy balances, expressed in tonnes of oil equivalent for over 100 non-OECD countries.  Historical tables summarise production, trade and final consumption data as well as key energy and economic indicators. This book includes definitions of products and flows, explanatory notes on the individual country data and conversion factors from original units to tonnes of oil equivalent. More detailed data in original units are published in Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries 2003-2004, the sister volume of this publication.

IEA Coal Information 2006 brings together in one volume the latest basic statistics compiled by the IEA on coal supply, demand, trade and prices. It also includes information on coal by-products. Part I of the publication provides a review of world coal market developments in 2005. It covers world coal production and coal reserves, coal demand by type (hard, steam, coking), hard coal trade and hard coal prices. It also presents a special report on Investment in Coal Supply and Use. Part II provides, in tabular and graphic form, a more detailed and comprehensive statistical picture of coal developments in the 30 OECD member countries, by region and individually. Part III provides for selected non-OECD countries summary statistics on hard coal supply and end-use statistics for about 40 countries and regions worldwide. Complete coal balances and coal trade data for selected years are presented on sixteen major non-OECD coal producing and consuming countries.

This volume contains data on the supply and consumption of coal, oil gas, electricity, heat, renewables, and waste, all presented as comprehensive energy balances expressed in million tons of oil equivalent in order to facilitate analysis across types of energy.  Historical tables summarise production, trade, and final consumption data as well as key energy and economic indicators. The book also includes definitions of products and flows, explanatory notes on the individual country data and conversion factors from original units to tonnes of oil equivalent. More detailed data in original units are published in Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, 2003/2004, the sister volume of this publication.

The world’s largest gas producer and exporter, Russia has an enormous energy saving potential. At least 30 billion cubic meters – a fifth of Russian exports to European OECD countries -- could be saved every year by enhanced technology or energy efficiency. As the era of cheap gas in Russia comes to an end, this potential saving is increasingly important for Russians and importing countries.  This book analyses and estimates the potential savings and the associated reductions in greenhouse gas emissions that could be achieved in the oil extraction (flaring), gas transmission and distribution sectors. It also describes Russia’s emerging climate policy and institutional framework, including work still ahead before the country is eligible for the Kyoto Protocol’s flexibility mechanisms and can attract financing for greenhouse gas reductions.

Renewables Information 2006 brings together in one volume the basic statistics compiled by the IEA on renewable and waste energy sources. It covers production, trade, transformation to electricity and heat, final consumption and installed generating capacity from renewable and waste energy sources. Part I of the publication provides a statistical overview of developments in the markets for renewables and waste in the OECD Member countries. It also provides selected renewables indicators for non-OECD countries. Part I of this edition of Renewables Information also acquaints the reader with the issue of Renewable Energy RD&D Priorities via a working paper, published recently by the IEA and reprinted here, which explores status and priorities of renewable RD&D efforts. Part II provides, in tabular form, a more detailed and comprehensive picture of developments in renewable and waste energy sources for each of the 30 OECD Member countries.

IEA Electricity Information 2006 brings together in one volume the latest basic statistics compiled by the IEA on electricity and heat production. It also includes information on installed capacity, consumption, trade and prices. Part I of the publication provides a statistical overview of developments in the markets for electricity and heat in the OECD 30 Member countries, as well as input fuel prices, end-user electricity prices in US dollars and corresponding exchange rates used. Part I also includes some non-OECD countries’ statistics on electricity production, imports and exports and heat production. Part II provides, in tabular form, a more detailed and comprehensive picture of the power and heat industry developments for 30 individual OECD Member countries.

In 2005, China added the equivalent of all the power plants in Norway and Sweden to its electricity generating capacity - and its remarkable demand growth shows no sign of abating. But how can the government best assure affordable and environmentally sustainable electricity supply in the future? Assessing the current state of electricity regulation in China, this report draws on experience elsewhere to explore how better to develop and communicate strategy, how to moderate growth in demand through increased efficiency, how to integrate environmental goals into planning and operation, how to ensure sufficient supply when and where it is needed, and how to handle institutional and governance challenges.

A comprehensive reference book on current developments in oil markets. The first part of this publication contains key data on world production, trade, prices, and consumption of major oil product groups, with time series back to the early 1970s.  The second part gives a more detailed and comprehensive picture of oil supply, demand, trade, production and consumption by end-user for each OECD country individually and for the OECD regions. Trade data are reported by origin and destination.