The evaluation of individual schools constitutes a key element of the evaluation and assessment framework in Luxembourg. The focus lies on school self-evaluation and strong national requirements and support have been put in place in recent years to drive this, particularly in fundamental schools. A number of initiatives have been taken that have the potential of contributing to a strong improvement-oriented school evaluation in which local decision making in schools is enhanced. Based on an analysis of strengths and challenges in the current approach to school evaluation, the chapter presents a set of recommendations to further develop and strengthen the evaluation in and of Luxembourg’s schools, including the introduction of an external school evaluation mechanism.