A range of tools are used to monitor performance of the education system. The monitoring system includes a range of statistics on education based on snap-shot data collected from schools on a standardised format. Also, international benchmarks of student performance provided by international student surveys such as PISA and TIMSS have been influential in driving policy development at the system level. At the moment, no national-level information on student learning outcomes which is comparable across schools and regions and over time is available but the Ministry is currently developing national standardised tests in grades 5 and 9 in Czech language, foreign language and mathematics to address this gap. In addition, there has been a growing interest in undertaking studies of the impact of policy initiatives and in preparing thematic reports which can inform policy development. Particularly positive features of system evaluation include the well-established education indicators framework; the concern to assess the progress of the education system towards pre-established objectives; the qualitative analysis undertaken in thematic reports; and the participation in international student surveys. However, system evaluation is faced with a number of challenges. These include the little emphasis on the evaluation of the education system; the absence of student performance data for system monitoring; the lack of measures on students’ socio-economic background; the little emphasis on investigating inequities in the system; the limited information on the teaching and learning environment; the challenges faced with monitoring at the region and municipality levels; and the room to better exploit system-level information.