Cochlear implants are medical devices that help previously deaf individuals gain or regain partial hearing. Many medical professionals consider them an essential component of treating deafness. Members of the Deaf community, however, consider the implants to be a direct assault on their carefully nurtured way of life, which embraces deafness and cultivates cultural markers based on the absence of the hearing sense. This chapter examines the medical and ethical arguments in favour of Cochlear implants, as well as the arguments of the Deaf community in opposition. Without taking sides, it further attempts to tease out some of the ethical, moral, and cultural issues revealed by this particular incidence of conflict. Its brief examination of the issue reveals that the increasing capabilities of technology are already beginning to call into question the survivability of many cultures, and perhaps fundamentally altering how we define culture itself.