Public finance reform needs to remain a policy priority, particularly in light of upcoming fiscal challenges stemming from population ageing. This chapter examines the reform package enacted in 2007 that notably introduced a flat tax rate on personal incomes. In addition, it considers the initial steps and further reform plans in healthcare and the current state of play in the longstanding issue of pension reform. The chapter also looks at the challenges in accessing EU funds under the highly decentralised system for administering the allocations.