Country statistical profiles: Key tables from OECD
The key tables by country statistical profiles include a wide range of indicators on economy, education, energy, environment, foreign aid, health, information and communication, labour, migration, R&D, trade and society. Historical data refer to the latest eight time periods.
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| Country statistical profile: Germany 2011-2012 | |||||||||
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| | Unit | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 |
| Production and income | |||||||||
| Gross domestic product (GDP) | Bln USD curr. PPPs | 2 357.3 | 2 466.8 | 2 586.5 | 2 776.8 | 2 930.5 | 3 052.5 | 2 974.7 | 3 071.3 |
| GDP per capita | USD current PPPs | 28 567 | 29 901 | 31 366 | 33 713 | 35 623 | 37 171 | 36 332 | 37 567 |
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita | USD current PPPs | 28 367 | 30 187 | 31 738 | 34 413 | 36 250 | 37 765 | 36 845 | 38 115 |
| Household disposable income | Annual growth % | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 1.1 | -0.1 | 1.5 | -1.0 | .. |
| Economic growth | |||||||||
| Real GDP growth | Annual growth % | -0.2 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 3.4 | 2.7 | 1.0 | -4.7 | 3.6 |
| Net saving rate in household disposable income | % | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.8 | 11.7 | 11.1 | .. |
| Gross fixed capital formation | % of GDP | -0.3 | -0.3 | 0.9 | 8.0 | 4.7 | 2.5 | -10.1 | 6.0 |
| Economic structure | |||||||||
| Real value added: agriculture, forestry, fishing | Annual growth % | -5.5 | 29.4 | -12.5 | -3.2 | -1.9 | -5.5 | 8.9 | -0.4 |
| Real value added: industry | Annual growth % | 0.4 | 4.7 | 1.4 | 5.8 | 3.8 | -3.4 | -16.7 | 10.3 |
| Real value added: services | Annual growth % | -0.1 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 1.9 |
| Government deficits and debt | |||||||||
| Government deficit | % of GDP | -4.0 | -3.8 | -3.3 | -1.6 | 0.3 | 0.1 | -3.0 | -3.3 |
| General government debt | % of GDP | 65.4 | 68.8 | 71.2 | 69.3 | 65.3 | 69.3 | 76.4 | 87.0 |
| General government revenues | % of GDP | 44.4 | 43.5 | 43.6 | 43.7 | 43.8 | 43.9 | 44.5 | 43.4 |
| General government expenditures | % of GDP | 48.4 | 47.2 | 46.9 | 45.3 | 43.5 | 43.8 | 47.5 | 46.7 |
| Expenditure | |||||||||
| Public expenditure on health | % of GDP | 8.5 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 8.9 | .. |
| Private expenditure on health | % of GDP | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.7 | .. |
| Public social expenditure | % of GDP | 27.7 | 27.1 | 27.2 | 26.1 | 25.2 | .. | .. | .. |
| Private social expenditure | % of GDP | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | .. | .. | .. |
| Public pension expenditure | % of GDP | 11.7 | 11.6 | 11.5 | 11.1 | 10.7 | .. | .. | .. |
| Private pension expenditure | % of GDP | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | .. |
| Net official development assistance (Aid) | % of GNI | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.37 | 0.38 | 0.35 | 0.38 |
| Taxes | |||||||||
| Total tax revenue | % of GDP | 35.5 | 34.8 | 34.8 | 35.4 | 36.0 | 37.0 | 37.0 | .. |
| Taxes on income and profits | % of GDP | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 10.7 | 11.2 | 11.5 | 10.7 | .. |
| Taxes on goods and services | % of GDP | 10.4 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.0 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 11.0 | .. |
| Taxes on the average worker | % of labour cost | 53.2 | 52.2 | 52.1 | 52.3 | 51.9 | 51.5 | 50.9 | 49.1 |
| Trade | |||||||||
| Imports of goods and services | % of GDP | 31.7 | 33.3 | 35.8 | 39.7 | 39.8 | 41.0 | 35.9 | 40.8 |
| Exports of goods and services | % of GDP | 35.6 | 38.4 | 41.1 | 45.4 | 46.9 | 47.5 | 40.8 | 46.1 |
| Goods trade balance: exports minus imports of goods | Bln USD | 146.8 | 193.6 | 197.3 | 199.7 | 269.5 | 261.9 | 189.4 | 204.3 |
| Imports of goods | Bln USD | 601.8 | 718.2 | 779.8 | 922.2 | 1 059.3 | 1 204.2 | 938.0 | 1 066.8 |
| Exports of goods | Bln USD | 748.5 | 911.8 | 977.1 | 1 122.0 | 1 328.8 | 1 466.1 | 1 127.5 | 1 271.1 |
| Service trade balance: exports minus imports of services | Bln USD | -50.7 | -51.1 | -48.8 | -38.3 | -39.4 | -39.3 | -26.4 | -29.1 |
| Imports of services | Bln USD | 174.0 | 198.1 | 212.5 | 225.5 | 261.5 | 292.4 | 257.6 | 265.9 |
| Exports of services | Bln USD | 123.3 | 147.0 | 163.7 | 187.2 | 222.1 | 253.1 | 231.2 | 236.7 |
| Current account balance of payments | % of GDP | 1.9 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 6.2 | 7.5 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 5.6 |
| Foreign direct investment (FDI) | |||||||||
| Outward FDI stocks | Mln USD | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1 311 055 | 1 250 104 | 1 357 729 | 1 426 644 |
| Inward FDI stocks | Mln USD | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1 012 366 | 919 555 | 999 712 | 956 708 |
| Inflows of foreign direct investment | Mln USD | .. | 20 559 | 75 848 | 118 767 | 170 650 | 76 992 | 78 205 | 106 961 |
| Outflows of foreign direct investment | Mln USD | .. | -10 195 | 47 411 | 55 657 | 80 223 | 4 063 | 37 629 | 46 136 |
| Prices and interest rates | |||||||||
| Inflation rate: all items | Annual growth % | 1.0 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 0.4 | 1.1 |
| Inflation rate: all items non food non energy | Annual growth % | 0.9 | 1.7 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0.7 |
| Inflation rate: food | Annual growth % | -0.1 | -0.3 | 0.1 | 2.0 | 3.8 | 6.1 | -1.3 | 1.4 |
| Inflation rate: energy | Annual growth % | 4.0 | 4.1 | 9.8 | 8.5 | 4.0 | 9.6 | -5.4 | 4.0 |
| Producer Price Indices (PPI): manufacturing | Annual growth % | 0.6 | 1.7 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 3.1 | -3.4 | 2.5 |
| Long-term interest rates | % | 4.07 | 4.04 | 3.35 | 3.76 | 4.22 | 3.98 | 3.22 | 2.74 |
| Purchasing power and exchange rates | |||||||||
| Purchasing power parities | EUR per USD | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.87 | 0.84 | 0.83 | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.81 |
| Exchange rates | EUR per USD | 0.89 | 0.81 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.73 | 0.68 | 0.72 | 0.76 |
| Indices of price levels | OECD = 100 | 107 | 109 | 106 | 105 | 110 | 112 | 110 | 105 |
| Energy supply and prices | |||||||||
| Total primary energy supply (TPES) | Mtoe | 342.1 | 343.5 | 338.7 | 341.2 | 331.8 | 334.7 | 318.5 | 331.5 |
| Total primary energy supply per capita | Toe per capita | 4.15 | 4.16 | 4.11 | 4.14 | 4.03 | 4.08 | 3.89 | 4.06 |
| TPES per unit of GDP at 2000 prices and PPPs | Toe per '000 USD | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 |
| Renewables' contribution to total primary energy supply | % | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.9 | 5.8 | 7.8 | 7.9 | 8.7 | 9.3 |
| Crude oil import prices | USD per barrel | 28.44 | 36.65 | 52.30 | 63.29 | 71.60 | 96.70 | 61.18 | 78.49 |
| Information and Communications Technology (ICT) | |||||||||
| ICT investment in non-residential fixed capital formation | % | 15.3 | 14.8 | 15.2 | 15.3 | 14.1 | 13.0 | 13.2 | .. |
| ICT related occupations: total employment | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 22.5 |
| Households with access to the Internet | % | .. | .. | 61.6 | .. | .. | 74.9 | 79.1 | .. |
| Environment | |||||||||
| Water abstractions | Mln m3 | .. | .. | 430 | .. | .. | .. | 390 | .. |
| Fish landings in domestic and foreign ports | '000 tonnes | 148 | 223 | 247 | 259 | 262 | 243 | 211 | .. |
| Aquaculture | '000 tonnes | 64 | 57 | 46 | 35 | 45 | 44 | 39 | .. |
| Municipal waste total | '000 tonnes | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 48 100 | .. |
| Municipal waste per capita | Kg | .. | .. | 560 | .. | .. | .. | 590 | .. |
| CO2emissions from fuel combustion | Mln tonnes | 842 | 843 | 812 | 824 | 800 | 804 | 750 | .. |
| Education | |||||||||
| Tertiary attainment in population aged 25-64 | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 26.4 | .. |
| Expenditure per student: non-tertiary, 2008 prices | USD constant PPPs | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7 858.6 | .. | .. |
| Expenditure per student: tertiary, 2008 prices | USD constant PPPs | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 15 389.6 | .. | .. |
| Employment | |||||||||
| Employment rate in population aged 15-24 | % | 42.4 | 41.9 | 42.6 | 44.0 | 45.9 | 47.2 | 46.6 | 46.8 |
| Employment rate in population aged 25-54 | % | 78.2 | 78.1 | 77.4 | 78.8 | 80.3 | 81.0 | 80.8 | 81.5 |
| Employment rate in population aged 55-64 | % | 39.0 | 41.8 | 45.5 | 48.1 | 51.3 | 53.8 | 56.1 | 57.7 |
| Incidence of part-time employment | % | 19.6 | 20.1 | 21.5 | 21.8 | 22.0 | 21.8 | 21.9 | 21.7 |
| Self-employment rate: total civilian employment | % | 11.4 | 12.4 | 12.2 | 12.1 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 11.6 | |
| Self-employment rate, men: male civilian employment | % | 14.0 | 14.9 | 14.7 | 14.4 | 14.1 | 14.4 | 14.4 | |
| Self-employment rate, women: female civilian employment | % | 8.4 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 8.9 | 8.5 | 8.4 | |
| Unemployment | |||||||||
| Unemployment rate: total civilian labour force | % | 9.8 | 10.5 | 11.2 | 10.2 | 8.8 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.1 |
| Unemployment rate, men: male civilian labour force | % | 10.1 | 10.8 | 11.5 | 10.2 | 8.7 | 7.5 | 8.1 | 7.6 |
| Unemployment rate, women: female civilian labour force | % | 9.4 | 10.2 | 10.9 | 10.0 | 8.9 | 7.7 | 7.3 | 6.5 |
| Long-term unemployment: total unemployed | % | 50.0 | 51.8 | 53.0 | 56.4 | 56.6 | 52.6 | 45.5 | 47.4 |
| Labour compensation and hours worked | |||||||||
| Labour compensation per unit labour input, total economy | Annual growth % | 2.0 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 2.2 | 3.4 | -0.1 |
| Average time worked per person in employment | Hours per year | 1 439 | 1 442 | 1 434 | 1 430 | 1 430 | 1 426 | 1 390 | 1 419 |
| Research and Development (R&D) | |||||||||
| Gross domestic expenditure on R&D | % of GDP | 2.52 | 2.49 | 2.49 | 2.53 | 2.53 | 2.68 | 2.78 | .. |
| Researchers: full-time equivalent | Per '000 employed | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 7.7 | .. |
| Population | |||||||||
| Total population | '000 persons | 82 534 | 82 516 | 82 469 | 82 376 | 82 266 | 82 110 | .. | |
| Population growth rates | % | 0.1 | 0.0 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.2 | -0.3 | .. |
| Total fertility rates | Children | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | .. |
| Youth population aged less than 15 | % of population | 14.9 | 14.6 | 14.3 | 14.0 | 13.8 | 13.7 | 13.6 | |
| Elderly population aged 65 and over | % of population | 17.7 | 18.3 | 18.9 | 19.5 | 19.9 | 20.2 | 20.4 | |
| International migration | |||||||||
| Net migration rate | Per '000 inhabitants | 1.7 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 0.5 | .. | .. | .. |
| Foreign-born population | % of population | 12.9 | .. | 12.6 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 12.9 | .. |
| Foreign population | % of population | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | .. |
| Unemployment rate of native-born men | % of labour force | .. | .. | 10.2 | .. | .. | .. | 7.2 | .. |
| Unemployment rate of foreign-born men | % of labour force | .. | .. | 18.4 | .. | .. | .. | 13.8 | .. |
| Unemployment rate of native-born women | % of labour force | .. | .. | 9.8 | .. | .. | .. | 6.5 | .. |
| Unemployment rate of foreign-born women | % of labour force | .. | .. | 16.8 | .. | .. | .. | 12.0 | .. |
| Health | |||||||||
| Life expectancy at birth | Years | 78.6 | 79.2 | 79.4 | 79.8 | 80.0 | 80.2 | 80.3 | .. |
| Life expectancy at birth: men | Years | 75.8 | 76.5 | 76.7 | 77.2 | 77.4 | 77.6 | 77.8 | .. |
| Life expectancy at birth: women | Years | 81.3 | 81.9 | 82.0 | 82.4 | 82.7 | 82.7 | 82.8 | .. |
| Infant mortality | Per '000 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 3.5 | .. |
| Overweight and obese aged 15 and over | % of population | 49.2 | .. | 49.6 | .. | .. | .. | 51.4 | .. |
| Society | |||||||||
| Suicide rates | Per 100 000 persons | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 9.1 | .. |
| Youths 20-24 not in education nor employment | % | 4.7 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 3.8 | .. |
| Youths 15-19 not in education nor employment | % | 15.6 | 17.5 | 18.7 | 16.7 | 15.2 | 14.0 | 13.7 | .. |
| Transport | |||||||||
| Goods transport | Mln tonne-km | 444 320 | 470 056 | 486 372 | 516 835 | 538 594 | 536 933 | 474 856 | .. |
| Passenger transport | Mln passenger-km | 996 493 | 998 909 | 1 008 248 | 1 012 485 | 998 249 | .. | .. | |
| Road fatalities | Per mln inhabitants | 80 | 71 | 65 | 62 | 60 | 55 | 51 | .. |
Last updated: 18 January 2012 | ||||||||||
Not available | ||||||||||
Break in series | ||||||||||
Note: |: Break | ||||||||||
Source: OECD Factbook statistics. For explanatory notes, seeOECD Factbook 2011-2012(DOI: 10.1787/factbook-2011-en) |