The notion that climate change breeds violence is prevalent. Several schools of thought focus on the relationship among resources, conflict and security. Eco-violence theory argues that resource scarcity is linked to violent conflict. However, many researchers dispute this argument because no consensus exists in terms of factual evidence and quantitative research in this area (for example, between drought and violent conflict). Combined with other parameters, indirect effects may be detectable through intermediate channels, particularly in the case of small-scale violent conflict, such as in the conflicts between farmers and herders in arid and semi-arid areas. This chapter examines if such a relationship exists with the help of relevant case studies.