Cape Verde
Small island developing states (SIDS) have been acutely affected by the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper takes a broader perspective to explore how the revenue effects of this crisis in SIDS are connected to their unique financing and development challenges. It also suggests how SIDS governments and development co-operation providers can better partner together to strengthen mobilisation of domestic revenues – in particular tax revenues – in the recovery post-COVID-19.
Small island developing states (SIDS) are among the most vulnerable countries to the impacts of the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis, which is disrupting key economic sectors that SIDS’ undiversified and already fragile economies strongly rely upon. While they are succeeding to contain the health emergency, SIDS are faced with severe economic impacts which require bold government action and adequate international support. This policy brief: (i) highlights the impacts of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic across SIDS; (ii) provides an overview of the support delivered by development co-operation providers to face the crisis; and (iii) provides suggestions to ensure that international support can lead to a fast and sustainable recovery in SIDS: a ‘blue’ recovery.
L’objectif de cette note est d’analyser l’évolution temporelle et spatiale des violences impliquant les femmes en Afrique de l’Ouest au cours des 20 dernières années. Une première partie montre que le nombre de victimes civiles des conflits ouest-africains dépasse désormais celui attribué aux batailles entre le gouvernement et les groupes armés. Le contrôle de la population civile est désormais devenu l’un des enjeux majeurs des insurrections de la région. Cette évolution conduit à une augmentation des violences faites aux femmes, qui sont souvent les premières victimes des luttes identitaires. Une seconde partie montre que les femmes participent également aux actes de violence, notamment par le biais des attentats-suicides dans le bassin du lac Tchad. Ce phénomène est cependant en forte diminution du fait de la perte de contrôle territorial de Boko Haram depuis le milieu des années 2010. En conclusion, la note souligne la nécessité de mettre en œuvre des stratégies contre-insurrectionnelles qui visent primordialement à protéger les populations, notamment les femmes.
A transition finance country pilot was initiated by the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) in partnership with the government of Cabo Verde. The study aims to capture the challenges facing Cabo Verde following graduation from Least Developed Country (LDC) to Lower Middle Income Category (LMIC), including the shifting financing for sustainable development landscape, the mounting risk of debt distress and the economic and environmental vulnerabilities as a Small Island Developing States (SIDS). In line with the Addis Ababa Action Agenda (AAAA), the pilot study proposes a new “ABC” approach targeted to assess all available sources of financing (ODA, OOF, private investment, domestic resources, and remittances), identify emerging SDG financing gaps and promote better alignment of resources with national financing for sustainable development strategies.
In spite of the remarkable developmental performance of Cape Verde, the private sector remains dominated by small and micro-enterprises which generate little employment and provide scant tax revenue. The authors suggest creating new forms of innovative and wide partnerships between the state, local authorities, business associations and the overseas Capeverdean communities to create new enterprises, foster employment growth and promote sustainable development in the country.
Such a strategy fits well with the New Partnerships for Africa's Development (NEPAD) goal of improving governance in Africa, for the study also considers the impact of such partnerships on governance issues. The study finds that the potential for multilevel and multi-dimensional partnerships between actors from different backgrounds and with different interests is very wide. Moreover, the conclusions of this document, both for development policy and for improving the quality of governance, can be applied to a range of countries and are not limited to the particular case of Cape Verde ...
The slowdown observed since the end of 2011 persisted in 2012, due to economic stagnation around the globe, and in the euro area in particular. Reduced foreign aid and sluggish foreign investment resulted in gross domestic gross domestic product (GDP) growth dropping from 5.0% in 2011 to a projected 4.0% in 2012. Remittances inflows held up, however, and tourism did well. Tourism and ancillary activities remained the driving force of the economy in 2012, accounting for around 30% of GDP and 90% of total exports. Yet the deteriorating global economic outlook and the euro zone sovereign debt crisis is likely to continue to weigh on Cape Verde’s economic performance. However large new public investments are expected to provide support to domestic demand and raise the GDP growth to 4.8% in 2013. Over the medium term, the resumption of structural reforms will be critical if Cape Verde is to sustain the high growth rates of the past decade.
A desaceleração observada desde o final de 2011 persistiu em 2012, sob o efeito da estagnação económica em todo o mundo e, em particular, na zona euro. O recuo da ajuda externa e o débil investimento estrangeiro estão na origem do declínio registado no crescimento do PIB, que passou de 5.0% em 2011, para 4.0% em 2012, segundo as projecções. As remessas dos emigrantes resistiram bem e o turismo registou um forte desempenho. O turismo e as actividades associadas permaneceram a força motriz da economia em 2012, representando cerca de 30% do PIB e 90% das exportações totais. No entanto, a deterioração das perspectivas económicas mundiais e a crise da dívida soberana na zona euro deverão continuar a condicionar o desempenho económico de Cabo Verde. No entanto, novos investimentos públicos de grande dimensão devem sustentar a procura interna e permitir elevar o crescimento do PIB até 4.8% em 2013. A médio prazo, a retoma das reformas estruturais será fundamental para Cabo Verde manter as altas taxas de crescimento registadas na última década.
Le ralentissement observé depuis la fin de 2011 a persisté en 2012, sous l’effet de la stagnation économique sur toute la planète, et en particulier dans la zone euro. Le recul de l’aide étrangère et l’atonie de l’investissement étranger sont à l’origine d’un tassement de la croissance du produit intérieur brut (PIB), qui est passée de 5.0 % en 2011 à 4.0 % en 2012, selon les projections. Les envois de fonds des travailleurs expatriés ont toutefois bien résisté, et le tourisme a affiché de solides performances. Le tourisme et les activités connexes sont d’ailleurs restés le principal moteur de l’économie en 2012, et totalisent environ 30 % du PIB et 90 % des exportations. Pourtant, la dégradation des perspectives économiques mondiales et la crise de la dette souveraine dans la zone euro devraient continuer de peser sur les performances économiques du Cap-Vert. Néanmoins, de nouveaux investissements publics de grande ampleur devraient soutenir la demande intérieure et porter la croissance du PIB à 4.8 % en 2013. À moyen terme, le Cap-Vert devra reprendre ses réformes structurelles s’il veut rééditer les taux de croissance soutenus enregistrés ces dix dernières années.